Česká kardiologická společnost - quo vadis?

Petr Widimský

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):216-219  

The prevalence of major cardiovascular risk factors in the Czech population in 2006-2009. The Czech post-MONICA study

Renata Cífková, Jan Bruthans, Věra Adámková, Marie Jozífová, Markéta Galovcová, Peter Wohlfahrt, Alena Krajčoviechová, Zdena Petržílková, Věra Lánská, Rudolf Poledne, Petr Stávek

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):220-229 | DOI: 10.33678/cor.2011.050  

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of death in the Czech Republic. The decline in CVD mortality observed in our country since 1985 may be due to a decrease in its incidence or case fatality. Case fatality is mostly related to the standard of health care whereas the incidence of CVD is associated with the risk profile of the population. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of major CVD risk factors in a representative Czech population sample.Methods: A 1% population sample aged 25-64 years was randomly selected from nine districts of the Czech Republic. The examination consisted of completing a standard questionnaire,...

Prevention of atherosclerosis in children

Michael Aschermann

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):230-233 | DOI: 10.33678/cor.2011.051  

Atherosclerotic lesions start to develop in a very early childhood period, as early as during pregnancy in fetuses of at-risk individuals. The risk has been reported to be increased particularly in the fetuses of mothers with elevated cholesterol levels, and in smoking mothers. As a result, primary prevention in children with risk factors should be initiated in childhood at latest. In the current guidelines for primary prevention in children, particular attention should be given to serum lipid levels, obesity, diabetes mellitus, smoking, blood pressure control, dietary salt intake, and exercise. The health status of Czech children is fairly poor and...

Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) as a marker of atherosclerotic activity and a potential therapeutic target

Helena Vaverková, David Karásek

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):234-238 | DOI: 10.33678/cor.2011.052  

Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is a vessel-specific inflammatory enzyme playing a role in the formation of vulnerable, rupture-prone atherosclerotic plaques. Lp-PLA2 is believed to be a link between oxidative LDL modification and the inflammatory response by the arterial intima. Unlike high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and other inflammatory markers produced by the liver, Lp-PLA2 is not associated with BMI, shows substantially lower intra-individual variability and is more vessel-specific. Prospective primary and secondary prevention studies have shown Lp-PLA2 potential to predict coronary events and ischemic stroke even...

Prevention of cardiovascular diseases in the obese

Štěpán Svačina

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):239-241 | DOI: 10.33678/cor.2011.053  

The main risks associated with obesity are those related to metabolism and malignancy. Cardiovascular risks of obesity include the development of diabetes and metabolic syndrome in later life. Efforts at reducing obesity-related cardiovascular risk should focus on prevention of type-2 diabetes as well as comprehensive treatment of dyslipidemia, hypertension and, possibly, diabetes. Regular physical activity is just another major factor lowering the risks. Research in obesity has shown particularly decreased mortality rates after bariatric surgery. A phenomenon related to obesity and referred to as the obesity paradox shows that some conditions including...

Diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases

Terezie Pelikánová

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):242-248 | DOI: 10.33678/cor.2011.054  

Cardiovascular (CV) complications are the most common cause of death in patients with diabetes. Management of hyperglycemia significantly reduces the risk of development and progression of microvascular complications of diabetes whatever the stage of the disease and irrespective of the therapeutic modality used. The importance of management of hyperglycemia in terms of CV risk reduction continues to be a matter of debate. In epidemiological studies hyperglycemia, in particular postprandial hyperglycemia, has been clearly established as an independent risk factor for CV mortality and morbidity. Interventional studies published over the last two years...

The metabolic syndrome and its role in the primary prevention of diseases frequently occurring in the population

Hana Rosolová

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):249-252 | DOI: 10.33678/cor.2011.055  

Primary prevention of preventable diseases commonly occurring in the population, i.e., primarily cardiovascular disease (CVD) secondary to atherosclerosis, type-2 diabetes (DM2), and some common malignancies has still been paid little attention to date. In individuals in primary prevention, global cardiovascular (CV) risk is determined using the SCORE risk chart. In individuals at low or moderate CV risk, the more recent risk factors related to insulin resistance, i.e., metabolic syndrome (MS) components, are also to be monitored. Individuals with MS are at high risk for all the above preventable conditions. The metabolic syndrome is a complex disorder...

Underestimated and unknown effects of passive smoking

Aleš Linhart, Michael Aschermann

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):253-256 | DOI: 10.33678/cor.2011.056  

Smoking is one of the most important risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis, malignant diseases, lung cancer in particular, and chronic respiratory diseases, and chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD) in particular. Besides active smoking, these diseases are also promoted by environmental smoking exposure, i. e., passive smoking. Inhalation of environmental tobacco smoke induces multiple functional cardiovascular changes inducing accelerated atherosclerosis. In exposed individuals, the risk of coronary and cerebrovascular diseases increases. As shown by data from countries where smoking ban in public places was enforced by law, the incidence...

The role of salt in cardiovascular diseases prevention

Zuzana Urbanová, Milan Šamánek

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):257-259 | DOI: 10.33678/cor.2011.057  

Current salt intake is markedly higher compared with its actual requirements. The World Health Organization recommends to reduce salt intake in adults to 5 g per day; this value is three times higher in the Czech Republic. Recent studies on salt intake have consistently shown that increased salt intake results in an increased blood pressure with all its repercussions such as increased mortality from stroke, heart failure or myocardial infarction. By contrast, a reduced salt intake in the population leads to a decrease in blood pressure as well as a decrease in mortality from cardiovascular disease. Salt intake reduction can be achieved by decreasing...

The decline in mortality from coronary heart disease and its main causes

Jan Bruthans

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):260-263 | DOI: 10.33678/cor.2011.058  

Mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD) in the Czech Republic has been decreasing markedly since the mid-1980s, an appreciable decrease in mortality has been seen with acute forms of CHD (acute myocardial infarction - AMI) while mortality from chronic forms of CHD has remained stable in the past decade. Major factors contributing to the decreased mortality rates included decreased cholesterolemia and blood pressure reduction in the population; therapeutic measures included management of heart failure, secondary prevention of AMI, management of acute coronary syndromes, and hypertension control. The trend of decreasing CHD mortality is likely to...

Use of trimetazidine in preventing contrast-induced nephropathy: a nephrologist's perspective

Vladimír Teplan

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):264-266 | DOI: 10.33678/cor.2011.059  

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a serious complication of coronary angiography potentially associated with increased morbidity and mortality, need for short-term hemodialysis, prolonged hospitalization, and renal failure. Studies designed to explore options in CIN prevention included trimetazidine (TMZ) belonging to cytoprotective anti-ischemic agents used in the treatment of angina. Trimetazidine affects reperfusion at the cellular and mitochondrial levels, and has antioxidant and metabolic activity via several mechanisms at the cellular level, that is, it shows characteristics making it a clear candidate for CIN prophylaxis.

Preclinical atherosclerosis as a cause of venous thromboembolism

Ondřej Auzký, Libuše Pagáčová, Jan Piťha

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):268-272 | DOI: 10.33678/cor.2011.060  

Despite the traditionally different perception of venous and arterial thromboses, both entities share common characteristics and risk factors. The common features and high prevalence of venous and arterial thromboses in the population raise the question of an interaction of the causes and consequences of both disorders. The thrombophilic action with a possible systemic impact of atherosclerosis has been described. Research on the impact of atherosclerosis on an increase in the risk of venous thromboembolism has brought inconclusive results so far. Published trials differed in the study design and populations. Recent results show an increased prevalence...

Is medical management of paediatric heart failure evidence based?

Anke Furck, Zdeněk Slavík

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):273-277 | DOI: 10.33678/cor.2011.061  

Treatment of paediatric heart failure is based on much less evidence when compared with corresponding treatment in adult population. Nevertheless, successful treatment methods have been adjusted or developed for paediatric patients with chronic and acute heart failure and promising future trends exist.

Acute embolizing ischemic stroke. A rare presentation of myocardial infarction complicated by the development of rupture of the left ventricular posterolateral wall overlapped by a partly thrombotic pseudoaneurysm

Ondřej Moravec, Martin Hutyra, Daniel Šaňák, Martin Sluka, David Richter, David Břečka, Stanislav Buřval, Marie Černá, Martin Troubil, Vilém Bruk, Miloš Táborský

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):278-281 | DOI: 10.33678/cor.2011.062  

The authors report the case of a female patient developing a subacute myocardial infarction. A subsequent mechanical complication of the event - rupture of the left ventricular lateral wall overlapped by a pseudoaneurysm - led to the development of acute embolizing stroke with thrombus release from the pseudoaneurysmal cavity. The stroke was managed by intravascular thrombolysis, and the diagnosis of stroke diagnosis established subsequently by echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging resulted in timely cardiac surgery with pseudoaneurysm resection and linear suture of the left ventricular wall.

Papillary fibroelastoma of the aortic valve

Eva Pašková, Hana Línková, Pavel Gregor

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):282-284 | DOI: 10.33678/cor.2011.063  

Papillary fibroelastoma of the aortic valve is a rare primary cardiac tumor which may potentially become a source of embolization. Our paper reports the case of a young asymptomatic man with papillary fibroelastoma of the aortic valve indicated for surgery. The procedure was successful in removing the tumor while sparing the aortic valve.

Percutaneous closure of an atrial septal defect and transcatheter aortic valve implantation in a patient with diffuse coronary artery disease

Jiří Jäger, Jozef Jakabčin, Pavel Červinka, Antonín Novák, Milouš Derner, Viktor Kočka

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):285-291 | DOI: 10.33678/cor.2011.064  

This is the case report of use of modern interventional, fully percutaneous treatment of a clinically significant, and moderately hemodynamically significant ostium secundum atrial septal defect and (also significant) degenerative calcified aortic stenosis in a 76-year-old patient with diffuse coronary artery disease and at high risk of cardiac surgery (14.4% risk using the logistic EuroSCORE). The atrial septal defect and aortic stenosis were successfully managed using a combination of two separate percutaneous interventions, implantation of a 12 mm Occlutech Figulla ("stretched" diameter, 9-10 mm) and transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI)...

Josef Marek a kolektiv: Farmakoterapie vnitřních nemocí

Prof. MUDr. Jan Petrášek, DrSc.

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):303  

Hans-Michael Steffen, Reinhard Griebenow, Ingo Meuthen, Matthias Schrappe, Dieter J. Ziegenhagen: Diferenciální diagnostika ve vnitřním lékařství

Prof. MUDr. Jan Petrášek, DrSc.

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):304  

Robert A. O'Rourke, Richard A. Walsh, Valentin Fuster: Kardiologie. Hurstův manuál pro praxi

Prof. MUDr. Jan Petrášek, DrSc.

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):305  

Richard Češka a kolektiv: Interna

Prof. MUDr. Michael Aschermann, DrSc.

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):306  

Zápis ze schůze výboru ČKS konané dne 7. 3. 2011 v Praze

I. Pavézková, Michael Aschermann

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):308  

Náhlá srdeční smrt

Simona Janíčková, Hana Javorková

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):299-301  

Buprenorfin - droga, nebo lék?

Jitka Panská, Veronika Huňáčková

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):302  

Das ist ja toll!

Prof. MUDr. Roman Čerbák, CSc.

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):293  

Milan Šamánek - 80 let

Jan Škovránek

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):294-295  

MUDr. Karel Roztočil, CSc., předseda České angiologické společnosti, se dožívá 70 let

MUDr. Jiří Spáčil, CSc.

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):296  

Významné životní jubileum profesora Marka Malíka

Jaromír Hradec

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):297-298  

Soutěž o nejlepší kasuistiku na téma Diferenciální diagnostika dušnosti

Cor Vasa 2011, 53(4-5):307