Cor Vasa 2023, 65(3):496-500 | DOI: 10.33678/cor.2022.114

Gender differences in epidemiology and risk factors of acute coronary syndrome in Algerian patients of the Oran city: descriptive cross-sectional study

Asma Amrani-Midoun^{a, b}, Nadia Laredj^c, Taki Djebaili^c, Abdelkader Djelloul^c, Lilia Zouli^c, Hamid Aoumeur^c, Farouk Boukerche^c, Mourad Nachi^{b, d}

^a Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, University of Oran 1 Ahmed Benbella, Algeria

^b Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oran 1 Ahmed Benbella, Algeria

^c Cardiology service, Faculty of Medicine, University-Hospital-Center of Oran, Algeria

^d Biochemistry service, Faculty of Medicine, University-Hospital-Center of Oran, Algeria

Background and aims: The aim of this study is to determine the role of clinical, lifestyle, and behavioral characteristics on the severity of the disease according to the gender.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study.

Results: An initial sample of 1219 patients was admitted for ACS in the cardiology service of Oran-University-Hospital-Center. The electrocardiographic results revealed that 34% of the patients had ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) while 66% had non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). In STEMI patients, the mean age was 60.87±12.20 years. STEMI patients sample included 413 patients with 324 men with a mean age of 59.92±11.78 years and 89 women with a mean age of 64.36±13.13 years. A male predominance observed with a sex-ratio of 3.6. Among STEMI patients, 34.8% of patients had hypertension where it was significantly higher in women than in men (65.6% vs 26.5% respectively, p < 0.05). Diabetes was observed in 31.7% of the whole sample where it was also more common in women compared to men (50.6% vs 26.5%, respectively, p <0.05). Out of the 413 STEMI patients 63.9% had dyslipidemia which was significantly higher in men compared to women (76.5% vs 13.5% respectively, p <0.05), 64.5% of men were current smokers. Out of the 324 STEMI men patients, 46.5% had three risk factors while in the 89 STEMI women patients, 34.8% had four risk factors.

Conclusion: Our results demonstrated a higher prevalence of ACS among the studied sample. STEMI patients presented with several cardiovascular risk factors. Sex differences in the ACS presentation and risk factors was also noticed.

Keywords: Acute coronary syndrome, Algerian population, Descriptive study, ST elevation myocardial infarction

Received: October 12, 2022; Revised: October 12, 2022; Accepted: November 2, 2022; Published: June 20, 2023  Show citation