Cor Vasa 2013, 55(4):e355-e363 | DOI: 10.1016/j.crvasa.2013.06.003

Possibilities of influencing the myocardial remodeling

Markéta Hegarová*, Ivan Málek
Klinika kardiologie, Institut klinické a experimentální medicíny, Praha, Česká republika

Current possibilities of chronic heart failure treatment with positive impact on patient prognosis interfere with the pathophysiological processes of myocardial remodeling. RAAS-inhibitors and beta-blockers are considered to be effective pharmacological therapeutics. Available non-pharmacological methods of intervention are: cardiac resynchronization therapy, valvular diseases corrections and mechanical cardiac support devices. The effect of pharmacological therapy is dose-dependent and the effect of all mentioned treatment methods is additive.

Keywords: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; Angiotensin II receptor blockers; Beta-blockers; Cardiac resynchronization therapy; Eplerenone; Chronic heart failure; Ivabradine; Left ventricular assist devices; Myocardial remodeling; Spironolactone

Received: March 26, 2013; Revised: June 11, 2013; Accepted: June 15, 2013; Published: August 1, 2013  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Hegarová M, Málek I. Possibilities of influencing the myocardial remodeling. Cor Vasa. 2013;55(4):e355-363. doi: 10.1016/j.crvasa.2013.06.003.
Download citation

References

  1. D.A. Siwik, W.S. Colucci, Regulation of matrix metalloproteinases by cytokines and reactive oxygen/nitrogen species in the myocardium, Heart Failure Reviews 9 (2004) 43-51. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  2. R.A. de Boer, A.A. Voors, P. Muntendamm, et al., Galectin-3: a novel mediator of heart failure development and progression, European Journal of Heart Failure 11 (2009) 811-817. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  3. M.A. Konstam, M.F. Rousseau, M.W. Kronenberg, et al., Effects of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril on the long-term progression of left ventricular dysfunction in patients with heart failure, Circulation 86 (1992) 431-438. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  4. The SOLVD Investigators, Effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition with enalapril in survival in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and congestive heart failure: results of the treatment trial of the Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfuction (SOLVD): a randomized double blind trial, The New England Journal of Medicine 325 (1991) 293-302. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  5. M. St John Sutton, M.A. Pfeffer, L. Moye, et al. Cardiovascular death and left ventricular remodeling two years after myocardial infarction: baseline predictors and impact of long-term use of captopril: information from the Survival and Ventricular Enlargement (SAVE) trial, Circulation 96 (1997) 3294-3299. Go to original source...
  6. M.A. Pfeffer, E. Braunwald, L.A. Moye; the SAVE Investigators, Effect of captopril on mortality and morbidity in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. Results of the survival and ventricular enlargement trial, The New England Journal of Medicine 327 (1992) 669-677. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  7. R.N. Doughty, G.A. Whalley, G. Gamble, S. MacMahon, N. Sharpe, Left ventricular remodeling with carvedilol in patients with congestive heart failure due to ischemic heart disease. Australia-New Zealand Heart Failure Research Collaborative Group, Journal of the American College of Cardiology 29 (1997) 1060-1066. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  8. B.A. Groenning, J.C. Nilsson, L. Sondergaard, et al., Antiremodeling effects on the left ventricle during beta-blockade with metoprolol in the treatment of chronic heart failure, Journal of the American College of Cardiology 36 (2000) 2072-2080. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  9. MERIT-HF Study Group, Effect of metoprolol CR/XL in chronic heart failure: Metoprolol CR/XL Randomised Intervention Trial in Congestive Heart Failure (MERIT-HF), Lancet 353 (1999) 2001-2007. Go to original source...
  10. R.N. Doughty, G.A. Whalley, H.A. Walsh, et al., Effects of carvedilol on left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction: the CAPRICORN Echo Substudy, Circulation 109 (2004) 201-206. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  11. H.J. Dargie, Effect of carvedilol on outcome after myocardial infarction in patients with left-ventricular dysfunction: the CAPRICORN randomised trial, Lancet 357 (2001) 1385-1390. Go to original source...
  12. T. Tsutamoto, A. Wada, K. Maeda, et al., Effect of spironolactone on plasma brain natriuretic peptide and left ventricular remodeling in patients with congestive heart failure, Journal of the American College of Cardiology 37 (2001) 1228-1233. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  13. B. Pitt, F. Zannad, W.J. Remme, et al., The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators, The New England Journal of Medicine 341 (1999) 709-717. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  14. M. Wong, L. Staszewsky, R. Latini, et al., Valsartan benefits left ventricular structure and function in heart failure: Val-HeFT echocardiographic study, Journal of the American College of Cardiology 40 (2002) 970-975. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  15. J.N. Cohn, G. Tognoni, A randomized trial of the angiotensin-receptor blocker valsartan in chronic heart failure, The New England Journal of Medicine 345 (2001) 1667-1675. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  16. M.F. Rousseau, M.A. Konstam, C.R. Benedict, et al., Progression of left ventricular dysfunction secondary to coronary artery disease, sustained neurohormonal activation and effects of ibopamine therapy during long-term therapy with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, American Journal of Cardiology 73 (1994) 488-493. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  17. J.R. Hampton, D.J. van Veldhuisen, F.X. Kleber, et al., Randomised study of effect of ibopamine on survival in patients with advanced severe heart failure. Second Prospective Randomised Study of Ibopamine on Mortality and Efficacy (PRIME II) Investigators, Lancet 349 (1997) 971-977. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  18. S.D. Solomon, H. Skali, M. Bourgoun, et al., Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme or vasopeptidase inhibition on ventricular size and function in patients with heart failure: the Omapatrilat Versus Enalapril Randomized Trial of Utility in Reducing Events (OVERTURE) echocardiographic study, American Heart Journal 150 (2005) 257-262. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  19. M. Packer, R.M. Califf, M.A. Konstam, et al., Comparison of omapatrilat and enalapril in patients with chronic heart failure: the Omapatrilat Versus Enalapril Randomized Trial of Utility in Reducing Events (OVERTURE), Circulation 106 (2002) 920-926. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  20. E.S. Chung, M. Packer, K.H. Lo, et al., Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot trial of infliximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor-alpha, in patients with moderate-to-severe heart failure: Results of the Anti-TNF Therapy Against Congestive Heart Failure (ATTACH) trial, Circulation 107 (2003) 3133-3140. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  21. I. Anand, J. McMurray, J.N. Cohn, et al., Long-term effects of darusentan on left-ventricular remodelling and clinical outcomes in the EndothelinA Receptor Antagonist Trial in Heart Failure (EARTH): randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, Lancet 364 (2004) 347-354. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  22. J.E. Udelson, F.A. McGrew, E. Flores, et al., Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study on the effect of oral tolvaptan on left ventricular dilation and function in patients with heart failure and systolic dysfunction, Journal of the American College of Cardiology 49 (2007) 2151-2159. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  23. M.A. Konstam, M. Gheorghiade, J.C. Burnett Jr, et al., Effects of oral tolvaptan in patients hospitalized for worsening heart failure: the EVEREST Outcome Trial, Journal of the American Medical Association 297 (2007) 1319-1331. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  24. J.E. Udelson, A.M. Feldman, B. Greenberg, et al., Randomized, double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled study evaluating the effect of aldosterone antagonism with eplerenone on ventricular remodeling in patients with mild-to-moderate heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction, Circulation. Heart Failure 3 (3) (2010) 347-353. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  25. F. Zannad, J.J. McMurray, H. Krum, et al., for the EMPHASIS-HF Study Group, Eplerenone in patients with systolic heart failure and mild symptoms, The New England Journal of Medicine 364 (2011) 11-21. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  26. Effects of enalapril on mortality in severe congestive heart failure. Results of the Cooperative North Scandinavian Enalapril Survival Study (CONSENSUS). The CONSENSUS Trial Study Group, The New England Journal of Medicine 316 (1987) 1429-1435.
  27. B. Pitt, P.A. Poole-Wilson, R. Segal, et al.; on behalf of ELITE II investigators, Effect of losartan compared with captopril on mortality in patients with symptomatic heart failure: randomized trial-the Losartan Heart Failure Survival Study ELITE II, Lancet 355 (2000) 1582-1587. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  28. J.J. McMurray, J. Östergren, K. Swedberg, et al., Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left-ventricular systolic function taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors: the CHARM-Added trial, Lancet 362 (2003) 767-771. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  29. R.S. McKelvie, S. Yusuf, D. Pericak, et al., Comparison of candesartan, enalapril, and their combination in congestive heart failure: randomized evaluation of strategies for left ventricular dysfunction (RESOLVD) Pilot Study, The RESOLVD Pilot Study Investigators, Circulation 100 (10) (1999) 1056-1064. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  30. R.M. van de Wal, H.W. Plokker, D.J. Lok, et al., Determinants of increased angiotensin II levels in severe chronic heart failure patients despite ACE inhibition, International Journal of Cardiology 106 (2006) 367-372. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  31. M. Hayashi, T. Tsutamoto, A. Wada, et al., Immediate administration of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone prevents post-infarct left ventricular remodeling associated with suppression of a marker of myocardial collagen synthesis in patients with first anterior acute myocardial infarction, Circulation 107 (2003) 2559-2565. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  32. B. Pitt, G. Williams, W. Remme, et al., The EPHESUS trial: eplerenone in patients with heart failure due to systolic dysfunction complicating acute myocardial infarction. Eplerenone Post-AMI Heart Failure Efficacy and Survival Study, Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy 15 (2001) 79-87. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  33. W. Iraqi, P. Rossignol, M. Angioi, et al., Extracellular cardiac matrix biomarkers in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure: insights from the Eplerenone Post-Acute Myocardial Infarction Heart Failure Efficacy and Survival Study (EPHESUS) study, Circulation 119 (18) (2009) 2471-2479. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  34. M. Satoh, Y. Ishikawa, Y. Minami, et al., Eplerenone inhibits tumour necrosis factor alpha shedding process by tumour necrosis factor alpha converting enzyme in monocytes from patients with congestive heart failure, Heart 92 (7) (2006) 979-980. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  35. M. Packer, M.R. Bristol, J.N. John, et al., for the Carvedilol Heart Failure Study Group, The effect of carvedilol on morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure, The New England Journal of Medicine 334 (1996) 1349-1355. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  36. The Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprilol Study II (CIBIS II): a randomized trial, Lancet 353 (1999) 9-13. Go to original source...
  37. M.D. Flather, M.C. Shibata, A.J. Coats, et al.; SENIORS Investigators, Randomised trial to determine the effect of nebivolol on mortality and hospital admission in elderly patients with heart failure (SENIORS), European Heart Journal 26 (2005) 215-225. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  38. M. Packer, M.B Fowler, E.B. Rocker, et al.; for the Carvedilol Prospective Randomized Cumulative Survival (COPERNICUS) Study Group, Effect of carvedilol on the morbidity of patients with severe chronic heart failure. Results of the Carvedilol Prospective Randomized Cumulative Survival (COPERNICUS) Study, Circulation 106 (2002) 2194-2199. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  39. K. Swedberg, M. Komajda, M. Böhm, et al., Ivabradine and outcomes in chronic heart failure (SHIFT): a randomised placebo-controlled study, Lancet 376 (2010) 875-885. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  40. J.C. Tardif, E. O'Meara, M. Komajda, et al., Effect of selective heart rate reduction with ivabradine on left ventricular remodelling and function: results from the SHIFT echocardiography substudy, European Heart Journal 32 (2011) 2507-2515. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  41. J.G. Cleland, J.C. Daubert, E. Erdmann, et al.; Cardiac Resynchronization-Heart Failure (CARE-HF) Study Investigators, The effect of cardiac resynchronization on morbidity and mortality in heart failure, The New England Journal of Medicine 352 (2005) 1539-1549. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  42. C. Linde, W.T. Abraham, M.R. Gold, et al.; REVERSE (REsynchronization reVErses Remodeling in Systolic left vEntricular dysfunction) Study Group, Randomized trial of cardiac resynchronization in mildly symptomatic heart failure patients and in asymptomatic patients with left ventricular dysfunction and previous heart failure symptoms, Journal of the American College of Cardiology 52 (2008) 1834-1843. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  43. L.A. Allen, G.M. Felker, Advances in the surgical treatment of heart failure, Current Opinion in Cardiology 23 (2008) 249-253. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  44. M.A. Acker, S. Bolling, R. Shemin, et al., Mitral valve surgery in heart failure: insights from the Acorn Clinical Trial, Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 132 (2006) 568-577. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  45. C.F. Azevedo, M. Nigri, M.L. Higuchi, et al., Prognostic significance of myocardial fibrosis quantification by histopathology and magnetic resonance imaging in patients with severe aortic valve disease, Journal of the American College of Cardiology 56 (2010) 278-287. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  46. M.L. Ogletree-Hughes, L.B. Stull, W.E. Sweet, et al., Mechanical unloading restores β-adrenergic responsiveness and reverses downregulation in the failing human heart, Circulation 104 (2001) 881-886. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  47. C.M. Terracciano, J. Hardy, E.J. Birks, et al., Clinical recovery from end-stage heart failure using left-ventricular assist device and pharmacological therapy correlates with increased sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium content but not with regression of cellular hypertrophy, Circulation 109 (2004) 2263-2265. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  48. X. Chen, V. Piacentino III, S. Furukawa, et al., L-type CA2+ channel density and regulation are altered in failing human ventricular myocytes and recover after support with mechanical assist device, Circulation Research 91 (2002) 517-524. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  49. C.M. Terracciano, S.E. Harding, D. Adamson, et al., Changes in sarcolemmal Ca entry and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca content in ventricular myocytes from patients with end-stage heart failure following myocardial recovery after combined pharmacological and ventricular assist device therapy, European Heart Journal 24 (2003) 1329-1339. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  50. E.J. Birks, J.L. Hall, P.J. Barton, et al., Gene profiling changes in cytoskeletal proteins during clinical recovery after left ventricular-assist device support, Circulation 112 (9 suppl) (2005) I57-I64. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  51. B.A. Bruckner, S.J. Stetson, A. Prez-Verdia, et al., Regression of fibrosis and hypertrophy in failing myocardium following mechanical circulatory support, Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation 20 (2001) 457-464. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  52. S. Kolotz, R.F. Foronjy, M.L. Dickstein, et al. Mechanical unloading during left ventricular assist device support increased left ventricular collagen cross-linking and myocardial stiffness, Circulation 112 (2005) 364-374. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  53. S. Kolotz, D. Burkhoff, I.M. Garrelds, et al., The impact of left ventricular assist device-induced left ventricular unloading on the myocardial renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: therapeutic consequence, European Heart Journal 30 (2009) 805-812. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  54. E.J. Birks, R,S. George, M, Hedger, et al., Reversal of severe heart failure with a continuous-flow left ventricular assist device and pharmacological therapy: a prospective study, Circulation 123 (4) (2011) 381-390. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  55. S.D. Solomon, E. Foster, M. Bourgoun, et al., Effect of cardiac resynchronization therapy on reverse remodeling and relation to outcome: multicenter automatic defibrillator implantation trial: cardiac resynchronization therapy, Circulation 122 (2010) 985-992. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...




Cor et Vasa

You are accessing a site intended for medical professionals, not the lay public. The site may also contain information that is intended only for persons authorized to prescribe and dispense medicinal products for human use.

I therefore confirm that I am a healthcare professional under Act 40/1995 Coll. as amended by later regulations and that I have read the definition of a healthcare professional.